Ferrous sulfate
This topic will discuss ferrous sulfate dosing, indications, adverse effects, and more.
Pharmacologic profile and clinical uses
Description/Definition
Ferrous sulfate is an iron supplement used to treat or prevent low blood levels of iron (e.g., for anemia or during pregnancy).
Mechanism of action
Iron replacement: Ferrous sulfate provides elemental iron required for the synthesis of hemoglobin, myoglobin, and other iron-containing enzymes.
Indications
- Iron-deficiency anemia Iron supplementation during pregnancy
- Prevention of iron deficiency in individuals with increased requirements or reduced dietary intake
Key aspects of drug therapy management
Dosage and administration
- Adults: Typically, 325 mg orally once to three times daily Pediatrics: Dosage depends on age and weight; pediatric formulations are available
- Route: Oral
- Administration Tips: Best absorbed on an empty stomach but can be taken with food to reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
- Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) can enhance the absorption of iron.
Side effects
- Common: Gastrointestinal upset, constipation, diarrhea, dark stools.
- Serious: Allergic reactions, iron overload (in cases of overdose)
Drug interactions
- Antacids and calcium supplements: May decrease the absorption of iron.
- Tetracyclines and quinolones: Absorption may be impaired by ferrous sulfate.
Monitoring
- Monitor hemoglobin and hematocrit levels to evaluate treatment efficacy.
- Monitor for signs of iron overload, especially in patients with a history of hemochromatosis or other iron storage disorders.
- Prognosis: Effective in correcting iron deficiency anemia when taken as prescribed.
- Long-term prognosis is good if underlying causes of iron deficiency are addressed.
